u-Muhammad, Indoda
Imbali irekhode iinkcukacha zobomi bukaMuhammad kunye nokuqaqamba kwakhe kunye nentsebenziswano yakhe nabantu.
u-Michael Hart wathi kwincwadi yakhe ethi “The 100; A Ranking of the Most Influential Persons in History"
“Ngemvelaphi ethobekileyo, uMuhammad waseka kwaye wabhengeza enye yeenkolo eziphambili zehlabathi kwaye waba yinkokeli ephumelelayo kwezopolitiko. Namhlanje, kwiinkulungwane ezilishumi elinesithathu emva kokufa kwakhe, impembelelo yakhe isenamandla kwaye isasazekile. Uninzi lwabantu kule ncwadi, babenethuba lokuzalwa nokukhuliswa kumaziko empucuko, izizwe ezineenkcubeko nezopolitiko eziphambili ”.
UMuhammad kodwa wazalwa ngonyaka ka-570 CE, kwisixeko saseMecca, kumazantsi eArabhiya, ngelo xesha indawo ebuyela umva emhlabeni, kude namaziko orhwebo, ubugcisa kunye nokufunda. ”
“Kule ndibaniselwano ingenakuthelekiswa nanto yempembelelo yehlabathi neyonqulo endivakalelwa kukuba inika uMuhammad ilungelo lokugqalwa njengoyena mntu unempembelelo enkulu kwimbali yoluntu.”
“Kusenokwenzeka ukuba impembelelo kaMuhammad kwi-Islam iye yaba nkulu kuneyokudityaniswa kukaYesu Krestu noSt. Paul kubuKrestu. Kwinqanaba lenkolo, kubonakala ngathi uMuhammad ebenempembelelo kwimbali yoluntu njengoYesu. ”
UMichael Hart
Qaphela: amaMuslim akayithandi inkcazo yoMprofeti uMuhammad "njengomseki wenkolo". AmaMuslim amgqala njengoMthunywa kaThixo.
u-Muhammad, Inkokeli
Ethetha ngokungagungqiyo malunga noMuhammad, umbhali ongumFrentshi kwezopolitiko uAlphonse de Lamartine wabhala kwincwadi yakhe ethi Histoire de la Turquie:
“Akuzange nanini na umntu azicengezele ngokwakhe, ngokuzithandela okanye ngokungathandi, injongo egqwesileyo ngakumbi, ekubeni olu sukelo lwalungaphaya komlinganiselo: ukujongela phantsi iinkolelo ezibekwe phakathi kwesidalwa noMdali, ukubuyisela uThixo emntwini nomntu kuThixo, ukubuyisela ingqiqo nengqiqo. ingcamango engcwele yobuthixo phakathi kwesi siphithiphithi sigqubayo sezinto eziphathekayo nezigqwethekileyo zoothixo bonqulo-zithixo. Zange kubekho umntu ophumeza inguqu enkulu nehlala ixesha elide kangaka ehlabathini ngexesha elifutshane kangaka.” "Ukuba ubukhulu benjongo, ubuncinci beendlela, ubukhulu besiphumo yimilinganiselo emithathu yobukrelekrele bomntu, ngubani onokuba nobuganga bokuthelekisa indoda enkulu yembali yanamhlanje kunye noMuhammad?"
U-Alphonse de Lamartine
ULamartine wabonisa ukuba uMuhammad akazange ashukumise izixhobo kunye nobukhosi ukuze enze amandla ezinto eziphathekayo kodwa wahambisa iingcamango, iinkolelo kunye nemiphefumlo. Waseka phezu kweNcwadi, apho unobumba ngamnye waba ngumthetho, isizwe sokomoya esamkela abantu bazo zonke iilwimi nezizwe zehlabathi.
u-Muhammad, u-Mthunywa kaThixo
Ibali likaSuraqah; isithembiso esazaliseka kwiminyaka eyi-20 kamva
Xa uMuhammad wafudukela eMadina kunye nomlingane wakhe osenyongweni u-Abu Bakr (622 CE), iinkokheli zaseMeccan zabhengeza umvuzo omkhulu weenkamela ezili-100 kuye nabani na onokuzisa uMuhammad eswelekile okanye esaphila.
Ngelishwa uMuhammad kunye neqabane lakhe balandelelwa yenye yeenkosi zama-Arabhu ezibizwa ngokuba nguSuraqah bin Malik owalingwa ngumvuzo omkhulu. Endleleni, ihashe lakhe lakhubeka laza lawa emhlabeni amatyeli ambalwa. Wazithathela ingqalelo ezi ziganeko zingaqhelekanga njengomyalezo ongathanga ngqo wokuba uMuhammad mhlawumbi wayexhaswe ngamandla kaThixo.
Xa uSuraqah esondela kuMuhammad, uMuhammad wathi kuye:
"Buyela kubantu bakowenu kwaye ndiyathembisa ukuba ngenye imini (phantsi kwe umbrella yelizwe lamaMuslim) uya kunxiba iibhengele (izacholo) zikaChosroes, umlawuli wasePersi." (Al-Bayhaqi kwi-Al-Sunan Al-Kubra (6/357, no.13156)
USuraqah wabuza emangalisiwe ukuba uMuhammad uthetha ngeebhengele zikaKhusrow bin Hormuz, umlawuli wasePersi. UMuhammad waphendula ngokuthi “ewe” ngokuzithemba ngokupheleleyo. Wayenokholo olomeleleyo lokuba inkolo yamaMuslim yayiza kufikelela ePersi kwaye yayiza kwaziwa kulo lonke ihlabathi.
USuraqah wabuyela eMakkah kodwa akazange amkele ubuMuslim de uMuhammad wayithatha iMakkah ngoxolo kwiminyaka esi-8 kamva (ngonyaka ka-630 CE).
UMuhammad usweleke ngonyaka ka-632 CE kwaye isithembiso sakhe eSuraqah sasikholelwa kumaqabane akhe njengesinyani kwaye sasiza kwenzeka ngenye imini.
Ixesha lahamba de u-Omar Bin Al-Khattab waba likhalifa lesibini (umlawuli welizwe lamaMuslim). Ngexesha lakhe, ubuMuslim bafika ePersia ngonyaka ka-642 CE kwaye bonke ubuncwane baseKhusrow, umlawuli wasePersi wawa ezandleni zika-Omar.
U-Omar walikhumbula ibali likaSuraqah kwaye wacela amaqabane akhe ukuba amngenise (iminyaka engama-20 idlulile eli bali lenzeka kwaye uSuraqah sele eyindoda endala).
Emva kwebandla lomthandazo, u-Omar wathi kuSuraqah: “Nazi iibhengele zikaKhusrow, umlawuli wasePersi, yile nto uMuhammad wayekuthembise yona. Zinxibe uze uvumele onke amaMuslim azibone ukuze wonke umntu aqiniseke ukuba isithembiso sikaMuhammad siyazaliseka.”
USuraqah walila kwaye wonke umntu walila. Isithembiso sikaMuhammad saba yinyani emva kweminyaka eli-10 eswelekile.
Ibali lesitshixo seKaabah: isithembiso esihlala sihleli
Ngonyaka we-630 CE, u-Muhammad wazuza uloyiso kwiinkosi zase Meccan kwaye wangena eMakkah ngoxolo. Wabuyela ekhaya engezokuhlala apho ubomi bakhe bonke kodwa ukucoca ubuhedeni nokukhulula okanye ukubuyisela injongo yoqobo yeKaabah (isakhiwo esisembindini esasekwa nguMprofeti uAbraham ukunqula uThixo omnye). Ususe zonke izithixo ezingqonge iKaabah kwaye wacela iqabane lakhe uBilal ukuba akhwele ngaphezulu kweKaabah aze abize:
UThixo mkhulu, uThixo mkhulu, ndiyangqina ukuba akukho thixo ngaphandle kukaAllah kwaye ndiyangqina ukuba uMuhammad ngumthunywa wakhe.
UMuhammad wayefuna isitshixo somnyango weKaabah, ke wabiza uOthman Bin Talha (wosapho lukaBani Shaiba) owayengumgcini wesitshixo seKaabah. Kubalulekile ukuba wazi ukuba kwakukho isivumelwano phambi kwe-Islam apho ilungelo lokuba ngumgcini okanye umgcini we-Kaabah lanikezelwa kusapho luka-Bani Shaiba. Eli wonga noxanduva lwadluliselwa kootatomkhulu laya koonyana kusapho olunye de lwafikelela ku-Othman Bin Talha.
UOthman Bin Talha wayengumSilamsi omtsha ngelo xesha. Kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo wala ukuvumela uMuhammad nokuba angene eKaabah kwaye athandaze ngaphakathi njengabanye abantu kuba wayengakholelwa kuye. Xa u-Muhammad ebuyela eMakkah, u-Othman wayengenakukhetha ngaphandle kokumnika isitshixo kwaye aphulukane nembeko yokuyigcina.
Ngelo xesha abantu abaninzi bacele uMuhammad ukuba abanike iwonga lokugcina isitshixo seKaabah kwaye amawaka amaMuslim ayejonge kuMuhammad ukubona ukuba ngubani oza kuba ngumgcini omtsha wesitshixo seKaabah.
Ukuqhawula umzuzu wokuthula, uMuhammad wavula umnyango weKaabah kwaye wawuhlambulula izithixo. Wajonga u-Othman Bin Talha wathi kuye (ngokuhlonipha izivumelwano zangaphambili):
“Namhlanje lusuku lokunyaniseka kunye nobungcwele! Thatha isitshixo emva. Ukusukela ngoku kude kube ngumhla womgwebo, akukho mntu unokuwuthatha kuwe (usapho lukaBani Shaiba) ngaphandle kokuba abe ngumhlaseli. ”Ichazwe nguAl-Tabaraani eAl-Kabir (11/120) No. 11234
Umzuzu wokuthembeka osele uhleli kude kube ngoku:
Unokumangaliswa kukwazi ukuba isitshixo sisabanjiwe yinzala yosapho lukaBani Shaiba kude kube NGOKU!
Ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-1400 eyadlulayo kwaye isitshixo sisanikezelwa kwisizukulwana esinye sosapho lakwaBani Shaiba ukuya kwisizukulwana esilandelayo. Kude kube ngoku, akukho mntu uzimisele ukuyithathela kubo kungenjalo uya kuthathwa "njengomhlaseli" ngokwenkcazo kaMuhammad.
Kule mihla, xa abasemagunyeni baseSaudi besenza ucoceko kunye nokulungiselela iKaabah kuhambo lonyaka, banxibelelana nomntu osuka kusapho lakwaBani Shaiba (okwangoku usapho lwaseSaudi) ukubavulela ucango lweKaabah.
u-Muhammad, uMprofeti wexesha lethu
UKaren Armstrong, umbhali ka "Muhammad: uMprofeti weXesha lethu", ubonise ukuba kufuneka sibusondele ubomi bukaMuhammad Muhammad ngendlela elungeleleneyo ukuze siyiqonde impumelelo yakhe. Wayenezifundo ezibalulekileyo, hayi amaMuslim kuphela, kodwa nabantu baseNtshona.
Ukwabonakalise ukuba ukuba sifuna ukunqanda intlekele, amaMuslim kunye nehlabathi laseNtshona kufuneka sifunde kungekuphela nje ukunyamezelana kodwa nokuxabana. Isiqalo esihle ngumfanekiso kaMuhammad.
