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13: Izakhiwo ze-Islam

IiMosque​

i-Cathedral Mosque eMoscow, eRashiya​

i-Grand Mosque yaseKuwait:​

Ifoto ethathwe ngumfoti u-Ahmad Al Amiri ngobusuku be-27 kwinyanga yenyanga iRamadan. Ngexesha layo eliphezulu, i-mosque inokwamkela abantu abangaphezu kwama-45,000 kubandakanya neendawo ezingaphandle.

AmaMuslim azila ukutya ngenyanga yeRamadan ukususela ngonyezi ukuya kutsho ekutshoneni kwelanga. Ebusuku amaMuslim enza imithandazo eyongezelelweyo nezibongozo.

I-Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, e-Abu Dhabi, e-UAE​

Yeyona mosque inkulu kwi-United Arab Emirates kunye neyesibhozo ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Indawo ye-mosque ilingana nobukhulu bamabala ebhola ekhatywayo amahlanu ukuqikelela. Inokuhlala akakhonzi abangaphezu kwama-40,000.

Ine-domes eziyi-82 kunye nee-minaret eziyi-4 ezi-107m ukuphakama. Lemosque ineekhaphethi ezinkulu zehlabathi, ezilinganisa i-5627 m2 kunye neyona chandelier enkulu emhlabeni (i-15 m ukuphakama kunye ne-10 m ububanzi). Le-mosque ithathwa njengenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo zabakhenkethi e-UAE

I-Jumeirah Mosque, eDubai, eUAE:​

Enye yezona mosque zinomtsalane eDubai ebonisa uyilo lwale mihla lwamaMuslim.

I-King Hussein Mosque, e-Amman, e-Jordan:​

Yasungulwa ngo-2005 njengenye yeemosque ezinkulu e-Amman ebonisa ubugcisa bale mihla bamaMuslim kunye necalligraphy. Ngemilo yesikweri kunye neeminaret ezine, ijonge kwisixeko sase-Amman njengoko yakhiwe phezu kwentaba eyi-1000 m malunga. ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

I-Ahmed Al-Fateh Mosque, uBukumkani baseBahrain-Juffair:​

Yavulwa ngo-1988 ngu-Amir ongasekhoyo waseBahrain, uSheikh Issa bin Salman Al-Khalifa. Ie-mosque ithatha indawo ye-6,500 square metres kwaye iyakwazi ukuhlalisa ukuya kuma-7000 abanquli. Ie-mosque ibonisa umxube ocacileyo woyilo lwamaMuslim kunye nelifa lendawo.

I-Al-Saleh Mosque, e-Sanaa, e-Yemen​

Yeyona mosque inkulu eYemen. Yavulwa ngo-2008, kunye nommandla jikelele we-27,300 m2 malunga. kunye nomthamo wabakhonzi abangama-40000. Iena i-mosque yakhiwe ngendlela ye-architectural yase-Yemeni. Iquka iingcango zeplanga eziyi-15 kunye neeminaret eziyi-6 ezinkulu.

I-Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque, eMuscat, e-Oman:​

Yeyona mosque inkulu e-Oman. Yavulwa ngo-2001 kwaye ibandakanya eyesibini ngobukhulu emhlabeni ikhaphethi ethungwe ngesandla kunye nechandelier. (indawo ye-mosque - i-416,000 sq. Imitha, i-complex ye-mosque ifikelela kwi-40,000 m2).

I-Al-Aqsa Mosque, eJerusalem​

Kukholelwa ngamaMuslim ukuba yi-mosque yesibini ebekwe emhlabeni ukuze uluntu lunqule uThixo omnye (Qaphela: eyokuqala yi-mosque engcwele eMakkah). I-Al-Aqsa Mosque yindawo engcwele yamaMuslim kwaye yayikade iyiQiblah yokuqala kwi-Islam (indawo amaMuslim ayemana ukububhekisa ubuso bawo kuyo xa ethandaza kuThixo). Emva kwesityhilelo seQur'an esivela kuThixo, amaMuslim ayalelwa ukuba atshintshe "iQiblah" ukuya kwiMosque yeNdawo engcwele eMakkah, eneKaabah (isakhiwo setyhubhili esakhiwe nguMprofeti uAbraham (pbuh) sokunqula uThixo omnye). Indawo yonke ye-Al Aqsa Mosque/ Sanctuary imalunga ne-14.4 yeehektare okanye i-144,000 m2. Iquka iindawo ezingcwele ezimbini ezibalulekileyo, i-"Qibli Masjid" (apho i-imam idla ngokukhokelela kwimithandazo) kunye ne "Dome of the Rock".

i-Qibla Masjid

I-Dome of the Rock, eJerusalem:​

Yingcwele yamaMuslim kunye ne-mosque eyakhiwe ngexesha lika-688-692 CE yi-Umayyad Caliph u-Abdul Malik Bin Marwan phezu kwelitye elikholelwa ngamaMuslim kwindawo apho uMprofeti uMuhammad (pbuh) wenyuka waya emazulwini. Sisakhiwo esine-octagon enedome yegolide eyi-29.4m ububanzi.

I-Umayyad Mosque, eDamascus, eSyria​

I-Ummayad Mosque, eyasungulwa (706 -715 CE) phantsi kwe-Umayyad caliph u-Al Walid. Yenye yezona mosque ezinkulu nezindala ehlabathini ezinokubaluleka okukhulu kwizakhiwo (ingaphakathi le-mosque limalunga ne-4000m2). Ngonyaka ka 2001 uPope John Paul II wandwendwela le mosque kwaye yayikokokuqala ukuba upopu atyelele imosque. I-minaret kwi-kona ekumzantsi-mpuma ibizwa ngokuba yiMinaret kaYesu njengoko amaSilamsi amaninzi ekholelwa ukuba xa uYesu ebuya, uya kuhla kufuphi nale Minaret.

I-Great Mosque yaseSamara, eSamara, e-Iraq:​

Yi-mosque yenkulungwane yesi-9 ekwidolophu yase-Iraq yaseSamarra. I-mosque yamiselwa ngo-848 kwaye yagqitywa ngo-851 ngu-Abbasid Caliph Al-Mutawakkil.I-Mosque Enkulu yaseSamara yayike yaba yeyona mosque inkulu ehlabathini; iminaret yayo, iNqaba yeMalwiya, yikowuni enkulu ejikelezayo (inkumba emile) eziimitha ezingama-52 ukuphakama neemitha ezingama-33 ububanzi kunye nethambeka elijikelezayo. Le mosque yayineepaseji ezili-17, yaye iindonga zayo zazihonjiswe ngemifanekiso eqingqiweyo yeglasi eluhlaza bumnyama. I-minaret inje nge-ziggurat yaseBhabhiloni.

I-Sultan Ahmet Mosque, e-Istanbul, eTurkey:​

Yaziwa ngcono njenge "Blue Mosque", ene-cascading domes kunye neeminaret ezintandathu ezibhityileyo. Igunyaziswe nguSultan Ahmet we-Ottoman Empire ngenkulungwane ye-17 (ukwakhiwa kwaqala ngo-1609 kwaye kwathatha iminyaka esixhenxe).

I-Aya sofya, e-Istanbul, eTurkey​

Aya Sofya (Hagia Sophia) e-Istanbul-Turkey. Yayisakuba yicawe yaseByzantine eyathi ke yasebenza njenge-mosque yase-Ottoman malunga neminyaka engu-500. Ngoku iyi-museum kunye neyona ndawo inomtsalane kubakhenkethi.

I-Taj Mahal, e-Agra, e-India :​

Yakhiwa nguShah Jahan (1592-1666) njenge sikhumbuzo somfazi wakhe. Ngenxa yoyilo lwayo olukhethekileyo, ithathwa njengenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zokhenketho kwihlabathi. Ecaleni kweTaj Mahal, uShah Jahan wakha imosque eyinxalenye yeTaj Mahal complex. Ikrolwe kwiindonga zeTaj Mahal, kukho izahluko ezipheleleyo "iiSurahs" ezivela kwiQuran.

Nceda uqaphele ukuba iimfundiso zamaMuslim ziyakwalela ukwakha izakhiwo phezu kwamangcwaba. Ingcwaba sisakhiwo esiphezu komhlaba, kwaye ingcwaba ngumngxuma ongaphantsi komhlaba. Ngokweemfundiso zoMprofeti uMuhammad, ingcwaba akufuneki libe ngaphezu kwe “shibr” enye, oko kukuthi malunga ne-20 cm ukusuka emhlabeni. Emva kokubeka umzimba engcwabeni, intlabathi eyombiweyo iyaqokelelwa ize ipakishwe phezu kwengcwaba ngendlela ebonakala ngathi ngumngxuma wenkamela phezu kwengcwaba.

Ukongeza, uMprofeti uMuhammad ucebise abantu ukuba batyelele amangcwaba ukuba bakhumbule into yokuba zonke izidalwa eziphilayo ziya kufa kwaye ziya kubuyela eNkosini yazo. NguThixo kuphela ofanele ukuzukiswa, aphakanyiswe kwaye anqulwe hayi abantu.

I-Jama Masjid eNew Delhi, e-Indiya​

Eyona mosque inkulu e-Indiya, eyakhiwa ngo-1656

I-Faisal Mosque, e-Islamabad, ePakistan​

I-Lahore Fort, eLahore, ePakistan​

I-Star Mosque, eDhaka, eBangladesh​

I-Auburn Gallipoli Mosque, eSydney, eOstreliya​

I-Sultan Mosque, eSingapore​

I-Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddin Mosque, eBandar Seri Begawan, eBrunei Darussalam​

I-Tokyo Jami, eJapan​

I-Pattani Central Mosque, eThailand​

I-Crystal Mosque, eKuala Terengganu, eMalaysia​

I-mosque yenziwe ikakhulu ngekristale. Ibekwe kwiPaki yeLifa leMveli yamaMuslim kwisiqithi saseWan Man. Yavulwa ngokusesikweni ngo-2008.

I-Putrajaya Mosque, eMalaysia​

I-Kuantan Mosque eMalaysia​

I-Ubudiah Mosque, ePerak, eMalaysia​

I-Al-Azhar Mosque, eCairo, e-Eqypt​

Yasekwa ngo-971 CE, idityaniswe nenye yezona yunivesithi zindala zisebenzayo ehlabathini (eyavulwa ngo-988 CE).

I-Ahmad Ibn Tulun Mosque, eCairo, e-Egypt:​

Igqitywe ngowama-879 CE, yenye yezona zinkulu ehlabathini, (26,318 m2) ikwadume ngobuqhetseba bayo bezakhiwo kunye neminaret ekhethekileyo.

I-The Mezquita of Cordoba, eCordoba, eSpain​

I-Mezquita ligama leSpanish elithi "mosque". Yi-mosque yenkulungwane ye-8 eyenzwe ngabayili bezakhiwo zamaMuslim phantsi kweliso lika-Emir waseCordoba, u-Abdul-Rahman II (822-852). Namhlanje, iMezquita yicathedral yaseCordoba (Cathedral of Our Lady of the Assumption).

I-Alhambra Calat, eSpain​

Ikwabizwa ngokuba "yinqaba ebomvu". Libhotwe kunye nenqaba, eyakhiwa ngexesha lolawulo lweSultan yamaMuslim yaseGranada (1353-1391 CE). Namhlanje yenye yezona ndawo zinomtsalane kubakhenkethi eSpain ebonisa eyona ndawo idumileyo yezakhiwo zamaMuslim eSpain. Qaphela: Ngaphakathi kweAlhambra, iBhotwe loMlawuli waseRoma uCharles V lakhiwa ngo-1527 CE.

I-Masjid Istiqlal, eJakarta, e-Indonesia​

Le yeyona mosque inkulu eMzantsi-mpuma e-Asia. I-Istiqlal ithetha ukuzimela. Ibekwe ecaleni kweyona cathedral inkulu e-Indonesia.

I-Masjid Raya Baiturrahman, eBanda Aceh:​

Le mosque sesinye sezakhiwo ezasindayo kwitsunami ngowama-2004. Emva kwetsunami imosque yanceda amakhulu abantu njengendawo yokuhlala yokwexeshana.

I-Hassan II Mosque, eCasablanca, eMorocco​

Yagqitywa ngo-1993. Iyilwe ngumyili wezakhiwo waseFrance uMichel Pinseau. I-minaret enkulu ye-Mosque sisakhiwo eside kunazo zonke e-Morocco kunye ne-minaret ende kunazo zonke emhlabeni (i-210 yeemitha). Ebusuku, iilaser zikhanyisa umqadi ukusuka phezulu kwi-minaret ukuya kwiMosque yeSanctuary eMakkah. (Umthamo: 25,000 yabanquli)

IYunivesithi yaseKaraouine kunye neMosque, e-Fes, eMorocco​

Yasekwa ngo-859 CE yinkosikazi ebizwa ngokuba nguFatima Al-Fihri. Lelona ziko lidala likhoyo, nelisoloko lisebenza emhlabeni wonke ngokweUNESCO kunye neGuinness World Records. Ngokutsho kwabanye abaphandi iYunivesithi yaseKaraouine yayingumzekelo kwiiyunivesithi zaseYurophu kwaye yenye yezona yunivesithi zindala zisaqhubayo.

I-Kipchak Mosque e-Ashgabat, e-Turkmenistan​

I-Azadi Mosque, e-Ashgabat, eTurkmenistan​

I-Shir Dor Madrasah, eSamarkand, e-Uzbekistan​

I-Kalon Mosque, eBukhara, e-Uzbekistan​

I-Grand Mosque yaseParis, eFrance​

Yeyona mosque inkulu eFrance. Yasekwa emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi I. Yasungulwa ngomhla we-15 kaJulayi ngo-1926.

I-Penzberg Mosque, ePenzberg, e-Germany​

I-minaret ibhalwe ngamagama athi "Azaan", ubizo lwamaMuslim lemithandazo yemihla ngemihla. Uyilo lwecalligraphic design lwesiArabhu lwenziwa ngowaphumelela imbasa i-caligrapher uMohammed Mandi osuka eUAE

Qaphela: Kwi-Islam kukho imithandazo emihlanu ngosuku. Oku kulandelayo yinguqulelo yamagama “Azaan” (ubizo lomthandazo ngamnye). Ingxelo nganye iphindwa kabini: U-Allah ngoyena umkhulu. Ndiyangqina ukuba akukho thixo wumbi ngaphandle koAllah. Ndiyangqina ukuba uMuhammad nguMthunywa ka-Allah. Yiza emthandazweni. Yiza empumelelweni. UAllah ngoyena umkhulu. Akukho thixo wumbi ngaphandle koAllah.### I-The Great Mosque yaseXi'an, eChina

I-Grand Mosque, eSemarang, e-Indonesia​

I-Hui Mosque, eNingxia, eChina​

I-Auwal Mosque e-Bokaap, eKapa, eMzantsi Afrika​

I-Masjidul Quds eGatesville, eKapa, eMzantsi Afrika​

IMasjidul Quds eGatesville, eKapa, eMzantsi Afrika

I-Nizamiye Mosque eMidrand, eGoli, eMzantsi Afrika​

I-Nizamiye Mosque eMidrand, eGoli, eMzantsi Afrika

I-Grand Mosque, eBobo Dioulasso, eBurkina Faso​

I-Djenné Mosque, eDjenné, eMali​

I-Djenné likhaya leyona mosque inkulu yodaka ehlabathini. Oku kunomtsalane ngakumbi kunokuba kuvakala: isakhiwo sikhulu, kwaye siyakwazi ukubukeka kakuhle kufutshane nakude. Kabini ngonyaka bonke abahlali besixeko bawisa yonke into, bekhupha udaka lwenqwelo ukusuka kumlambo okufuphi iBani, baze kunye bapakishe iindonga zeMosque.