12: I-Islamic Art & Calligraphy
Abaculi
Peter Gould, e-Australia
Isithombe sithathwe nguPeter Gould. ISultan Qaboos Grand Mosque - Oman
Ubuciko bamaSulumane kanye ne-calligraphy, e-Bahrain
Umklami nomdwebi owazalelwa e-Sydney u-Peter Gould uthanda ukuklama kwezithombe zamanje, ubuciko, ukuthwebula izithombe namasiko acebile okubukwayo nokomoya e-Islam. Uhambo lwakhe nokufunda kuwo wonke umhlaba wamaSulumane kukhuthaze ukuhlanganiswa kwamasiko okuyingqayizivele okusebenzayo ezweni lokungaqondi kahle. Umsebenzi kaPeter usufinyelele izethameli eziningi kuleli nasemazweni angaphandle ngokusebenzisa imibukiso nokusebenzisana nabanye abaculi.
Peter Sanders, UK
UPeter Sanders ungumthwebuli wezithombe waseBrithani owaqala umsebenzi wakhe maphakathi nawo-1960. Wakha ingobo yomlando yezithombe yezithombe ezingaphezu kwekota yezigidi ezivela emhlabeni wonke. Incwadi yakhe yokuqala ethi "Emthunzini Wesihlahla" inikeza ukuqonda okumangalisayo ngokuhlukahluka kwamasiko amaSulumane emhlabeni jikelele.
USanders ukhethwe nguhulumeni waseMorocco ukuthi athwebule futhi abhale phansi ama-mosque abaluleke kakhulu kanye ne-Islamic Architecture eMorocco.
U-Hassan Çelebi, Turkey
Ungomunye wababhali be-calligrapher bamaSulumane abadume kakhulu emhlabeni. Kusukela aqala ukufundisa i-calligraphy yamaSulumane ngo-1976, wanikeza i-"ijazah" (idiploma ku-Islamic calligraphy) kubafundi abangaphezu kuka-40 abavela emhlabeni wonke. Wakhiqiza izingcezu ze-calligraphy eziyingqayizivele zezindawo ezidumile zomlando wamaSulumane nama-mosque emhlabeni jikelele. Izibonelo yilezi: I-Prophet Muhammad Mosque kanye ne-Quba Mosque e-Al-Madinah, e-Saudi Arabia, i-Blue Mosque e-Istanbul, i-Fatih Mosque e-Pforzheim, eJalimane, i-Jum'ah Mosque eGoli, eNingizimu Afrika, i-Almati Jum'ah Mosque e-Kazakhstan kanye ne-Islamic Mosque. Isikhungo Sezokwelapha e-Kuwait.
U-Mohamed Zakariya, e-USA
UMnu. Zakariya ungumdwebi wezincwadi waseMelika othathwa njengenxusa elivelele lobuciko be-calligraphy yamaSulumane eMelika. Wafunda i-calligraphy yesi-Arabhu ne-Islamic lapho eneminyaka engu-19 e-Morocco, eSpain nase-England. Ungowokuqala waseMelika owathola amalayisense amabili e-Islamic calligraphy form Turkey. Waziwa nangomklamo wakhe wesitembu seposi sase-US esithi “Eid Greetings” (I-Eid umgubho wamaSulumane). Ugxile kakhulu ku-classical Arabic kanye ne-Ottoman Turkish calligraphy.
UNuria Garcia Masip, Spain
Uyi-calligrapher ochwepheshe wase-Ibiza, eSpain. Ngemva kokuthola iziqu zakhe zezincwadi e-The George Washington University, e-USA, wafundela ezobuciko bamaSulumane e-Morocco, wabe esethuthela e-Istanbul lapho athola khona idiploma ye-Islamic calligraphy ngo-2007. Njengamanje uphishekela umsebenzi wakhe we-calligraphic ngokusebenzisa imibukiso, imincintiswano, nama-workshops, ehamba phambili. phakathi kweMelika, iMorocco, iTurkey, iYurophu, iNingizimu Afrika kanye neMpumalanga Ephakathi. Imisebenzi yakhe ivuselela imibhalo yakudala ngephrezentheshini ekhangayo.
USalva Rasool, eNdiya
U-Salva unedigri yobuciko obusetshenzisiwe kusukela eMumbai 1985. Uhlanganisa ingxenye yokuvumelana ohlotsheni ngalunye aludalayo ngokugcina ibhalansi phakathi kombhalo wangempela wesi-Arabhu nomsebenzi wakhe wobuciko wesimanjemanje. Waziwa ngokuhlanganisa ngobuciko izinto ezingajwayelekile ezifana ne-terracotta, izitsha zobumba, izitsha zobumba, ingilazi kanye nesikhumba emisebenzini yakhe.
“Udumo lonke malube kuAllah, iNkosi yawo wonke umhlaba. Onomusa, Onesihawu, uMphathi woSuku Lokwahlulela. Sikhonza wena wedwa futhi wena wedwa sifuna usizo. Siqondise endleleni elungile (eqondile). Indlela yalabo Obanike izibusiso Zakho, labo abangazange balethe ukucasuka Kwakho, nalabo abangazange baduke.”I-Quran, Isahluko 1Lesi siqeshana sikhombisa isahluko esikhulu seQuran amaSulumane asisho emithandazweni yawo yansuku zonke. Ibizwa ngokuthi “Al Fatiha” okungukuthi isivula.
Celina Cebula, Poland
Uthole iziqu ePedagogical University eCracow futhi waqeqeshelwa ubuciko bokuhlobisa kanye nemfundo yobuciko. Ngethalente lakhe elihlukile lokuxuba i-calligraphy nokudweba ukwazile ukukhombisa izincazelo ezintsha emiklameni yakhe yobuciko.
Igama elithi Muhammad, The Messenger of God ngesi-Arabhu lifanekisela ingemuva elimibalabala
“Ngaphandle kokuba nibonise umusa kwabanye, uAllah Angeke Anihawukele”.
“Ongababongi abantu akabongi uNkulunkulu”.
U-Haji Noor Deen, e-China
Wazalwa ngo-1963 esifundazweni saseShangdong, eChina. Ungomunye wabadwebi be-calligrapher abadume kakhulu abadale isixhumanisi esiyingqayizivele phakathi kwe-calligraphy yesiShayina nesi-Arabhu.
Izingcezu zobuciko zikhomba: "Akekho uNkulunkulu ngaphandle kuka-Allah, uMuhammad uyisiThunywa sika-Allah". Idome engxenyeni engezansi yakhiwe esitatimendeni esithi “UMuhammad uyisiThunywa sikaAllah”
I-Nobuko Sagawa, Japan
Ungomunye wezingcweti zaseJapan ezigunyazwe kakhulu ze-Arabic calligraphy. Wafundela ubuciko obuhle eJapane futhi waba nesithakazelo kuyi-calligraphy yesi-Arabhu. UNkk. Sagawa uthuthukise isitayela "sokubambisana" phakathi kwenhlanganisela yemibhalo yesi-Japanese (kana), izinhlamvu zesiShayina (kanji) nezinhlamvu zesi-Arabhu. Isiphiwo sakhe sokwazi kahle amafonti esi-Arabhu athi “Thuluth” kanye “ne-Kufi” yamsiza ukuba enze imiklamo yokuklama ye-calligraphic.
2nd Image – “Futhi asikuthumelanga kodwa kubo bonke abantu njengomubi wezindaba ezinhle kanye nomxwayisi. IKoran, 34:28
Farid Al-Ali, Kuwait
Ungumqondisi we-Kuwait Center of Islamic Art futhi ungomunye wamaciko aziwa kakhulu eMpumalanga Ephakathi ngemiklamo yakhe enobuhlakani kanye nobuciko bokusungula. Ngo-2005 wakhulula "Muhammadeyat", iqoqo lemiklamo ye-500 yobuciko ekhiqizwe egameni elithi "Muhammad" ngesi-Arabhu (sicela ubheke ngezansi). Imiklamo engu-500 ihlukaniswe yaba amaqembu angu-11 (athambile, ayisikwele, ama-hexagonal, ama-octagonal, njll). Ngaphezu kwalokho, uMnu Al-Ali wenza iqoqo elifanayo elithi "Muhammadeyat", kodwa lisuselwa egameni elithi "Allah".
U-Mohammed Mandi, e-UAE
Ngolwazi lwakhe oluyingqayizivele kanye nemiklamo yokudala, waqokwa ukuthi aklame i-calligraphy yesi-Arabhu emalini yemali kanye namaphasipoti e-UAE nakwamanye amazwe amaningi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uqokwe ukuthi aqondise imiklamo ye-calligraphic e-Shaikh Zayed Grand Mosque e-Abu Dhabi, e-UAE nakwamanye ama-mosque amaningi emhlabeni.
Idizayini yobuciko yegama elithi "Muhammad" esekelwe kumbhalo wesi-Arabhu (izinhlamvu ezihlukene). Iyingxenye eyinhloko yocezu oluklanywe nguMnu. Mandi olubonisa ukuvumelana okusobala phakathi kwemiklamo yobuciko yegama elithi "MUHAMMAD" emibhalweni yesi-Arabhu neyesiNgisi.
Achmat Soni, eNingizimu Afrika
Ungumsunguli weSouth African Foundation of Islamic Art. Emisebenzini yakhe waphumelela ekudaleni izici zokuzwana phakathi kwe-calligraphy yesi-Arabhu kanye nesiko lama-Afrika. Usebenzise ubuciko besiNdebele okuwubuciko bomdabu obenziwa yisizwe samaNdebele ase-Afrika. Ibonakala ngemibala yayo egqamile kanye nokwakheka kwejometri.
Isahluko sokuqala seQuran (Surah Fatiha) ngezinhlamvu zesi-Kufic Arabic.
Umsebenzi wobuciko ukhazimulisa u-Allah uSomandla ngombhalo wesi-Arabhu. Ifundeka kanje: “Udumo nodumo malube kuAllah, Akekho uNkulunkulu ngaphandle kukaAllah, uAllah mkhulu kunabo bonke”.Inhlanganisela yephethini yendabuko ye-arabesque kanye nomklamo wesimanje ohlanganiswe kwaba yinto eyodwa. Izinhlamvu zesi-Arabhu zelulwa ngendlela ebukeka njengophondo lwendlovu.