4.1: Isiprofetho - Muhammad kanye Nesiprofetho

I-Jabal Al-Noor, i-Al-Noor Mount (okungukuthi, iNtaba Yokukhanya), Makkah - Saudi Arabia

“Futhi asikuthumelanga kubo bonke abantu ngaphandle kokuthi ube ngumshumayeli wezindaba ezinhle kanye nomxwayisi. IQuran, 34:28

UMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wayengazi ukuthi uzoba umProfethi

Wahola impilo yokuziphatha futhi ejwayelekile. Wayaziwa ngokwethembeka. Akazange akhonze izithixo lapho ukukhonza izithombe kwakugcwele emphakathini wonkulunkulu abaningi.

Wayehlala ekholwa ukuthi indawo yonke kumele ngabe yadalwa futhi ilawulwa uNkulunkulu oyedwa. Wayejwayele ukukhonza uNkulunkulu ngokuhlehla aye emgedeni (634m ngaphezu kogu lolwandle) entabeni engu-4 km empumalanga yeMecca (Makkah).

Umgede waziwa ngokuthi umgede waseHira osentabeni ebizwa ngokuthi "iJabal Al Noor" (okusho iNtaba yokukhanya). Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi uMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wathola isambulo sokuqala esivela kuNkulunkulu ngenkathi ezindle kulo mgede.

Kwakungeyona inkohliso futhi kwakungelona iphupho

Umgede kaHira

Lapho uMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) efinyelela eminyakeni engamashumi amane ubudala, wayevame ukuzindla njalo eCave Hira. Ngenyanga ka-Ramadan (inyanga yesishiyagalolunye yonyaka, cishe ngo-610 CE), ingelosi enkulu uJibril (uGabriyeli) yabonakala kuye ngokokuqala ngqá lapho esemgedeni yathi kuye “Funda”. UMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wayethukile.Njengoba wayengafundile, wayengakwazi ukufunda futhi engazi nokuthi afundeni. Ingelosi enkulu uJibril (uGabriel) waliphinda izwi lakhe elithi “Funda” kaningi wabe esesho la mavesi alandelayo avela kuNkulunkulu:

“Funda eGameni leNkosi yakho eyadala (konke), Yadala umuntu ngehlule (elinamathele odongeni lwesibeletho)… Funda! futhi iNkosi yakho inguMninimandla Onke Owafundisa umuntu ngosiba… Yafundisa umuntu lokho ayengakwazi!” Quran 96:1-5

Ingelosi enkulu uJibril (uGabriel) wanyamalala ngemva kwalo mhlangano omfushane.

UMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wethuka

Leli igama elithi Muhammad ngesi-Arabhu elaklanywa nguMdwebi u-Abdul Majid Al Noerat.Kulingisa umqansa kaMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) entabeni yaseNoor (Ukukhanya), kanye nokuzama kwakhe ukuthola ngoNkulunkulu oyedwa, uMdali neNkosi yazo zonke izidalwa.

Wayesaba kakhulu. Wagijima wabuyela ekhaya lakhe. Wayethuthumela. Watshela unkosikazi wakhe uKhadijah ngokwenzekile kuye wamcela ukuthi ammboze. Wamtshela ukuthi uNkulunkulu wayengeke amphoxe noma avumele osathane ukuthi bamthinte njengoba egcina ubudlelwano obuhle nezihlobo zakhe, esiza abantu abampofu futhi ethanda ukunikela.

kwakuyi Isambulo saphezulu noma ukuhlebeza kukaSathane?

UMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wayesaba ukuthi wayengenwe imimoya emibi. Wahamba nonkosikazi wakhe uKhadijah bayokhuluma lonke udaba kuWaraqa Bin Nawfal (isihlobo sikaKhadijah) owayengumuntu okholwayo ngokwenkolo futhi enolwazi eBhayibhelini. UWaraqa wabikezela ukuthi uMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) uzoba nguMprofethi futhi wamqinisekisa ukuthi lokho abhekana nakho kwakuyisambulo saphezulu esifana nalokho okwatholwa nguMose uMprofethi wamaJuda. UWaraqa wayefisa ukuxhasa uMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) kodwa wayesemdala kakhulu ngaleso sikhathi. Watshele uMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) ukuthi uzokhishwa eMakkah ngabantu bakubo futhi uzophathwa kabi ngabantu abathile.

UyisiThunywa sikaNkulunkulu

U-Muhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wayedinga izinsuku ezimbalwa ukuze azinze futhi akazange abuyele entabeni. Ngemva kwesikhathi iNgelosi enkulu uJibril (uGabriel) yabuyela kuye futhi yamtshela ukuthi wayezoba yisithunywa sikaNkulunkulu (uAllah Okhazinyulisiwe Futhi Ophakeme) ukuze edlulisele uMlayezo waKhe woBunkulunkulu kubo bonke abantu. UJibril (uGabriel) wabala amavesi alandelayo avela kuNkulunkulu:

“O wena owembethe (embozwe ezingutsheni zakho); Sukuma uxwayise; khazimulisa iNkosi yakho; uhlanze izingubo zakho; futhi uziqhelelanise nezenzo ezimbi futhi ungathathi ukugcwaliseka kwale miyalo njengomusa kuNkulunkulu noma kubantu; futhi ubekezele ngenxa yeNkosi yakho ” IQuran 74: 1-7

UJibril (uGabriel) waqhubeka nokuza kuMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) esikhathini esiyiminyaka engama-23. Ngalesi sikhathi, uMlayezo kaNkulunkulu oya ebantwini (iQur'an) wembulwa.

UMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wadlulisela umlayezo kaNkulunkulu kubo bonke abantu

UMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wenza ngokwesambulo asithola ngonyaka ka-610 CE. Wamema abantu base-Arabia nabangaphandle kwe-Arabia ukuthi bakholelwe kuNkulunkulu oyedwa (u-Allah) futhi balalele imiyalo Yakhe njengoba ibekelwe inhlalakahle yabantu bonke.

Ukhuluma ngani “uMyalezo”?

Ukholo Nomthetho

Umlayezo we-Islam usekelwe ezingxenyeni ezimbili eziyinhloko (Kholwa futhi Yenza) okuyi-Aqidah neShariah. I-Aqidah okuyiSivumokholo samaSulumane isekelwe esimemezelweni sokukholelwa kuNkulunkulu oyedwa kanye nenkolelo kulokho Asiyala ukuba sikukholelwe okuyizingelosi Zakhe, izincwadi zaphezulu, iziThunywa, uSuku Lokwahlulela kanye nesiphetho. “Shariah” okusho uMthetho kaNkulunkulu; ubeka imithetho elawulayo :

1. Izenzo zokukhulekela ezifana nemithandazo yansuku zonke, ukuzila ukudla, ukunikeza i-zakat (amalizo), njll.
2. Izimiso zokuziphatha kanye nokuziphatha okufanele kubonakale ekuziphatheni komuntu (ukwethembeka, ubuqotho, ukwethembeka, uthando, ukubambisana, njll.)
3. Ukuthengiselana ngempilo kanye nokusebenzisana nabanye njengemithetho yezobulungiswa, amalungelo abantu, ezohwebo nezamabhizinisi, umshado, isehlukaniso, ifa njll.

Qaphela:Ngemuva kokuthola isambulo saphezulu, uMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) wagxila ekufundiseni abantu ngoNkulunkulu oyedwa (Aqidah) iminyaka eyishumi nantathu. Ngemuva kokuthuthela eMadinah, bekugxilwe kakhulu ekuchazeni nasekusebenziseni iShariah.### Imiyalo kaNkulunkulu

“Yithi (esho kuMuhammad): Woza, ngizosho lokho iNkosi yakho ekwenqabele kukho, (1) Ungahlanganisi nanoma yibaphi abahlanganyeli ngokulingana Naye;(2) Futhi uphathe kahle abazali bakho;(3) Futhi ningababulali abantwana benu ngokuswela, Sinipha ukudla kwenu kanye nabo;(4) Futhi ningayi, noma ningasondeli ekwenzeni amahlazo obala noma ngasese (isib. ukuphinga nokonakala);(5) Futhi ningabulali noma yimuphi umphefumulo uNkulunkulu awungcwelisa ngaphandle kobulungisa nomthetho. Yilokhu Akuyala ngakho, ukuze ufunde ukuhlakanipha;(6) Futhi ningathinti ingcebo yezintandane noma impahla, ngaphandle kokuthi niyithuthukise, ize ifinyelele ekuvuthweni;(7) Futhi nika isilinganiso futhi(8) linganisa ngobulungiswa (obugcwele) (lapho uthenga futhi uthengisa nalapho wenza imisebenzi yezezimali nokungeyona eyezimali), Asithwesi muntu umthwalo osindayo ngaphandle kwalokho angakuthwala;(9) Futhi noma nini lapho nikhuluma (noma nifakaza) khulumani ngokulunga ngisho noma kukhulunywa ngesihlobo esiseduze;(10) Futhi gcwalisa isivumelwano sikaNkulunkulu. Yilokhu Aniyala ngakho ukuze nikhumbule” Quran 6:151-152

Isingeniso esisebenzayo sezimfundiso zikaMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye) e-Abyssinia

UJa'far bin Abi-Talib wayephakathi kwamaSulumane angamashumi ayisishiyagalombili abalekela ukuyovikeleka ezweni lase-Abyssinia (manje okuyiTopiya e-Afrika). Ekhuluma neNkosi yase-Abyssinia egameni lamaMuslim acela ukukhoseliswa lapho, uJa'far uthe:

“O Nkosi, sasikade singabantu abaphila ngokungazi (ukungazi nokwazi ulwazi), sikhonza izithombe, sidla izidumbu, senza amanyala, singanaki izihlobo zethu, siphatha omakhelwane bethu kabi futhi sivumela abanamandla phakathi kwethu ukuthi bacindezele ababuthakathaka . Le yindlela esaphila ngayo waze uNkulunkulu wasithumela isithunywa esivela phakathi kwethu, indoda imvelaphi yayo, ukwethembeka kwayo, ubuqotho bayo nobumsulwa bethu sasiyazi kahle. Wasibiza ukuba sikhonze uNkulunkulu yedwa, sishiye amatshe nezithixo esasizikhonza njengoba kwenza okhokho bethu. Wasiyala ukuba sibe neqiniso emazwini ethu, sigcwalise izithembiso zethu futhi sihloniphe izibopho zethu ebuhlotsheni bethu begazi futhi wasenqabela ukwenza izinengiso. Ngakho samethemba, sakholwa nguye, salandela umlayezo owawemukela kuNkulunkulu. Nokho, abantu bakithi basigxeka, basihlukumeza futhi benza konke okusemandleni abo ukuze basisuse enkolweni yethu. Kuthe uma beqhubeka besicindezela, safika ezweni lakho sikhetha wena ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuze sithole ukuvikelwa futhi siphathwe ngokungakhethi.”

Inkosi engumKristu yayamukela inkolo kaMuhammad(ukuthula makube kuye)

Negash Mosque, Tigray, Ethiopia

Ngemuva kokuthi uJa'far ethule inkulumo yakhe, iNkosi yase-Abyssinia (eyayingumuntu okholwayo nowesaba uNkulunkulu) yacela uJa'far ukuba asho amanye amavesi “eNcwadi” ayembulelwa uMuhammad.UJa'far wacaphuna esahlukweni esithi “Mariam (uMariya)”(1), uMama kaJesu. Iqhubekile ibala kwaze kwakhala iNkosi nentshebe isimanzi nezinyembezi.

Inkosi yabe isithi:

"Umlayezo olethwe nguMuhammad kanye nalowo owalethwa uJesu uvela emthonjeni owodwa."

Amanothi Okugcina

1. KwikQuran Elikhazimulayo, Isahluko 19 sibizwa ngokuthi “Mariam” okungukuthi uMariya, unina kaJesu. Lesi yisifinyezo sendaba kaMariam evela eQuran.

Futhi khuluma ngoMariam (uMariya) eNcwadini, lapho esehoxile kubantu bakubo waya endaweni engasempumalanga eqhelelene nabo. Sabe sesithumela kuye umoya Wethu (iNgelosi uJibril (uGabriel)) owabonakala kuye njengomuntu ongenasici. Wathi: "Ngicela isiphephelo kuMvelinqangi, OneSihawu, uma nimesaba." Wathi: Angiyena omunye ngaphandle kwesithunywa seNkosi yenu ukuthi ikunike umfana omsulwa. Wathi: Ngizoba nomfana kanjani (indodana) futhi akekho umuntu ongakaze angithinte futhi angizange ngibe isifebe! Wathi: Kuyoba njalo. INkosi yakho yathi: Kulula Kimi futhi sizomenza isibonakaliso esimangalisayo kubo bonke abantu kanye noMusa ovela Kithi. Kuyindaba enqunyiwe. Ngokushesha wakhulelwa, futhi waphuthuma endaweni eyihlane kodwa imihelo yamqhubela esiqwini sesundu. Wathi: O, sengathi ngabe ngafa ngaphambi kwalokhu futhi ngaba yinto esekhohliwe! Quran, 19:16-23

Ngokwendaba eshiwo kuQuran, uMariam waletha indodana yakhe kubantu bakubo ababemsola. Kodwa umntwana wakhe (uJesu) wakhuluma ngokuyisimangaliso wathi:

Impela ngiyinceku kaAllah. (Wanquma) ukuthi anginike umBhalo futhi angenze umprofethi futhi angenze ngibusiswe noma yikuphi lapho engikhona. Futhi Wangiyala ukuthi ngikhuleke kuye futhi ngiphe izipho njengoba nje ngisaphila futhi ngibe nesimilo kumama wami. Akazange angenze ngidelele noma ngibe lusizi. Ukuthula makube phezu kwami ngosuku engazalwa ngalo nangelanga engizofa ngalo nangelanga engiyovuswa ngalo ngiphila. Lowo ngu-Isa (uJesu) indodana kaMariam (uMariya); kuyiqiniso ngalokho abakungabazayo. Akukona okweNkosi ukuthi athathe noma iyiphi indodana. Lapho enquma indaba, uthi kuyo: Makube njalo. Quran 19:30-35